Bloom's+Taxononmy

=Bloom's Taxonomy=

Bloom’s Taxonomy is a classification of different levels of learning. It is important to keep in mind when designing lesson plans. Lesson plans and activities should be oriented to hit on different levels of thinking. Bloom’s taxonomy is a good tool for understanding what and how students should be learning. Benjamin Bloom and a group of educational psychologists created Bloom’s Taxonomy as they were studying different levels of intellectual behavior in 1956.

Bloom’s Taxonomy, 1956:



 * ~ **Cognitive Process** ||~ **Definintion** ||~ **Action Verbs** ||
 * < Knowledge ||< Recalling previously memorized information ||< Duplicate, memorize, recall ||
 * < Comprehension ||< Demonstrating and understanding of what is being learned ||< Classify, describe, paraphrase, summarize ||
 * < Application ||< Applying learned knowledge to new situations ||< Choose, demonstrate, manipulate, solve ||
 * < Analysis ||< The breakdown of ideas to find details that support generalizations ||< Breakdown, distinguish, infer, outline ||
 * < Synthesis ||< Use the whole of knowledge to bring forth new meanings or new solutions ||< Compose, design, generate, revise ||
 * < Evaluation ||< Make and support judgments based on internal or external criteria ||< Argue, defend, evaluate, justify ||

A former student of Bloom, named Lorin Anderson got together with a new group of psychologists during the 1990’s in order to make an updated model of Bloom’s Taxonomy. This newer model was designed to be relevant to work in the 21st century. It also changed all the cognitive processes from nouns to verbs.

Bloom's Taxonomy, 1990's:

 * ~ **Cognitive Process** ||~ **Definition** ||~ **Action Verbs** ||
 * Remembering || Recalling previously memorized information || Duplicate, memorize, recall ||
 * Understanding || Drawing meaning from subject material || Classify, describe, paraphrase, summarize ||
 * Applying || Applying learned knowledge to new situations || Choose, demonstrate, manipulate, solve ||
 * Analyzing || Breaking down information and finding relationships between the parts || Breakdown, distinguish, infer, outline ||
 * Evaluating || Make and support judgments based on internal or external criteria || Argue, defend, evaluate, justify ||
 * Creating || Putting knowledge together to form a whole || Compose, design, generate, revise ||

Students should be engaging on the upper three tiers of Bloom’s Taxonomy in order to engage in the material and practice appropriate mental skills. The lower tiers may be sufficient to pass some tests, but they do not instill any true level of understanding of the topic. If students are to learn on the upper tiers, that means that lessons should foster learning on these levels.

Bloom's Taxonomy as Told by the Andy Griffith Show:
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Resources
Ormrod, J. E. (2008). //Educational Psychology: Developing Learners// (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.

Old Dominion University Bloom's Taxonomy Page

Clemson University Bloom's Taxonomy Action Verbs Page

Created by: Josh Horwitz